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DOT Random Drug & Alcohol Testing Guides
One guide for each agency, checked against the 2026 rate notices
Each DOT agency sets its own random testing rate, defines its own covered employees and keeps its own records schedule. Pick your agency below, or compare all five on one page.
Compare all agencies2026 minimum random testing rates
| Agency | Who it covers | Drug | Alcohol | Guide |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FMCSA | CDL drivers in trucking and bus operations | 50% | 10% | Read the guide |
| FAA | Airline, air tour and aviation maintenance employees | 25% | 10% | Read the guide |
| FTA | Public transit bus and rail, including contractors | 50% | 10% | Read the guide |
| FRA | Freight and passenger railroads | 25% (mechanical 50%) | 10% | Read the guide |
| PHMSA | Pipeline operators and their contractors | 50% | None required | Read the guide |
Rates change each January. Every guide shows the date it was last reviewed and links to the Federal Register notice and the regulation it relies on.
What each guide covers
The guides explain who counts as a covered employee, how a random pool is built and drawn, what the rule says about timing, and which records to keep and for how long. They also list the mistakes that most often show up in audits, such as leaving contractors out of the pool or reading last year’s rate from old paperwork.
An employee who falls under more than one agency is tested at the rate of the agency that regulates more than half of that person’s duties. The comparison page walks through the multi-agency rules.
These pages summarize federal rules for general information. They are not legal advice. Check the regulation and the current agency notice before relying on a figure.
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